Enter a file size and your connection speed to estimate how long it will take to download or upload.
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This calculator converts your file size into bits (1 byte = 8 bits, using decimal units where 1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes, the networking convention) and your connection speed into bits per second, then divides total bits by bits per second to get transfer time in seconds.
Note that connection speeds are conventionally measured in bits per second (Mbps), while file sizes are conventionally measured in bytes (MB), a common point of confusion, a 100 Mbps connection transfers about 12.5 megabytes per second, not 100.
A 5 GB file on a 100 Mbps connection: 5 GB converts to 5 × 8,000,000,000 = 40,000,000,000 bits, and 100 Mbps converts to 100,000,000 bits per second. Dividing gives 40,000,000,000 ÷ 100,000,000 = 400 seconds, displayed as '6m 40s'. A smaller 500 MB file on a 50 Mbps connection instead gives 500 × 8,000,000 ÷ 50,000,000 = 80 seconds, or '1m 20s'.
Confusing Mbps (megabits per second, used for connection speed) with MB/s (megabytes per second, used for file size and download progress), an 8x mixup that makes an estimate look 8 times faster or slower than reality.
Assuming the estimated time is what you'll actually experience, this is a theoretical maximum based purely on the stated speed, real transfers are typically slower due to network overhead, server-side throttling, Wi-Fi conditions, and other traffic sharing the connection.
Mixing up decimal (1000-based) and binary (1024-based) unit conventions, this calculator uses the networking convention of decimal units (1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes), which differs slightly from the binary convention (1 MiB = 1,048,576 bytes) some operating systems use when reporting file sizes.
This calculator shows a theoretical maximum based on your stated connection speed. Real-world transfers are often slower due to network overhead, server-side limits, Wi-Fi interference, and other traffic sharing your connection.
Mbps (megabits per second) is the standard unit for connection speed. MB/s (megabytes per second) is the standard unit for file size and download progress. Divide Mbps by 8 to get an approximate MB/s figure.
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